The Next Step After a Successful Workshop

The Next Step After a Successful Workshop

One of the most common mistakes I see in new-work development is the assumption that there is a correct sequence.

First a reading. Then a workshop. Then a showcase. Then, if all goes well, a production.

But that isn’t really how development works.

A successful developmental step does not automatically tell you what comes next. It gives you better information about the work.

And then someone has to decide what to do with that information.

That, increasingly, is how I think about the work of the creative producer.

The question is not simply, “Was this successful?”

The more useful question is:

“What does this particular project need next?”

 

Sometimes a production sends you back into development

This week at CreateTheater, we returned to JACQUES AND JILL, a new musical by Jarlath Jacobs.

That project has actually been on a stage before. We produced an earlier version of the musical at Theatre Row as part of our 2022 New Works Festival.

It would be easy to look at that history and assume the next step should simply be another, larger production.

Instead, Jarlath went back to the work.

Now living in Como, Italy, she has been substantially rethinking the story and developing what has become JACQUES AND JILL. We are hearing the new version again in our Monday Night Reading Series, act by act.

That is not going backward.

It is development doing exactly what it is supposed to do.

Sometimes putting a piece in front of an audience reveals that the fundamental idea is worth pursuing—but that there is another, stronger version of the story still waiting to be discovered.

A prior production does not mean the work can never return to the development room.

Sometimes that is precisely where it belongs.

 

Sometimes a successful workshop reveals the next rewrite

We had a very different experience recently with LITTLE THINGS, the new musical by David H. Smith.

After developing the musical through CreateTheater—and previously presenting both an industry reading and a cabaret version of the work—we brought it to Philadelphia for a workshop production.

The performance sold out.

The audience response was wonderful.

It was a real success.

And there will still be rewrites.

One of the clearest things we learned from seeing the full musical on its feet is that the overall running time needs to come down.

That is exactly the kind of information a workshop is supposed to give you.

A workshop allows you to experience the show in time and space. You begin to feel pacing differently. Transitions that seemed perfectly reasonable on the page suddenly have weight. Songs, scenes and storytelling beats begin competing for the audience’s attention in ways that are almost impossible to judge from a table reading alone.

The success of LITTLE THINGS did not eliminate the need for development.

It made the next developmental task clearer.

And that is a success too.

 

And sometimes you don’t need the workshop at all

Then there is The Blue Violinist Over West End Avenue.

Its path has been completely different.

We did not move the play through a workshop production or a showcase.

There was a succession of readings and extensive script development. But because of the strength and timeliness of the story, the decision was made to move the play directly toward an Off-Broadway production.

That did not mean the script stopped developing.

Last week, the writer, the director and I spent more than six hours together in person working through the play.

We read it aloud.

We stopped.

We questioned moments.

We adjusted language.

We worked through transitions, beats, intentions and the internal logic of scenes moment by moment.

It was extraordinarily detailed work.

And yet it was happening on a play already heading into production.

Why?

Because the developmental process is not determined by which boxes you have checked.

It is determined by what the work still needs.

 

Every show needs something different

That is why I resist prescriptive development pipelines.

A reading can be invaluable when you need to hear structure, language or character relationships.

A workshop becomes essential when you need to understand physical storytelling, pacing, staging, musical integration or audience response.

A showcase can be useful when the work is sufficiently developed and you need other people to experience its theatrical potential.

And sometimes a project is ready to move toward production without passing through every one of those stages.

The producer’s job is not to march every project through the same sequence.

The producer’s job is to diagnose the work.

What questions are still unanswered?

What can we learn in the room we are in now?

What kind of room would help us answer the next question?

And perhaps most importantly:

Are we still asking fundamental story questions—or are the remaining questions becoming production questions?

That distinction matters.

If we are still struggling with what the protagonist wants, why Act Two exists, whose story we are telling, or what the piece ultimately means, then the work probably needs more development.

If the questions are increasingly about performance, design, rhythm, staging and audience experience, the project may be approaching a different threshold.

It may be ready to become a production.

There is no universal roadmap.

JACQUES AND JILL needed to return to the story.

LITTLE THINGS needed to meet an audience so we could discover what to tighten.

THE BLUE VIOLINIST OVER WEST END AVENUE needed intensive, detailed script work inside a production process.

Three projects.

Three different paths.

That is what new-work development actually looks like.

The goal is not to keep pushing a project forward simply because “forward” sounds like progress.

The goal is to put the work in the right room at the right time—and to know what you need to discover.

 

What does your project need next?

Before you schedule another reading, submit for another festival, or start thinking about production, ask yourself one question:

What is the most important thing I still need to learn about this piece?

Your answer will tell you what the next room should be

Not sure what your project needs next?

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Not Every Script is Ready for a Showcase

Not Every Script is Ready for a Showcase

 

There is a moment in the development of a new play or musical when the writer begins to ask a very understandable question:

When can I get this in front of industry?

Maybe the script has had a few readings. Maybe it has been through a writing group. Maybe the writer has spent months—or years—rewriting it. At some point, the natural impulse is to move outward: invite producers, artistic directors, literary managers, directors, investors.

In other words: showcase it.

But here is something I have become increasingly clear about as a producer:

Not every script is ready for a showcase.

And that is not a judgment on the quality of the writer or even the potential of the work.

It is a question of timing.

 

A Showcase Creates Expectations

The word showcase can sound deceptively casual.

We sometimes treat it as simply another developmental step: first a reading, then a workshop, then a showcase.

But a showcase is different because the purpose of the room changes.

A developmental reading asks:

What does the piece need?

A showcase begins asking:

What could happen to this piece next?

That distinction matters.

Once you invite industry professionals into the room, you are asking them to begin imagining the work beyond development.

Could this fit our season?

Would I produce this?

Would I direct this?

Could I introduce this writer to someone?

Is there an audience for this?

What would it cost?

That means the work is being evaluated differently.

And you want the script to be strong enough to benefit from that attention.

 

More Exposure Is Not Always Better

Writers are understandably encouraged to get their work seen.

And yes—new work needs advocates.

But there is a difference between getting the work seen and getting the work seen at the right moment.

Premature exposure can work against you.

If an artistic director sees a script before its central dramatic problem has been solved, they may simply conclude that the script does not work.

They may never know that six months later the writer completely restructured Act Two.

If a producer watches a musical before the score, book, and dramatic architecture are working together, they may remember the weaknesses rather than the potential.

You rarely get to control when someone will encounter your work again.

That is why I do not believe showcases should be consolation prizes, graduation ceremonies, or automatic benefits of belonging to a development program.

They are strategic opportunities.

And strategy requires asking whether the work is actually ready.

 

So What Does “Ready” Mean?

It does not mean perfect.

There is no such thing as a finished new play or musical that will never change again.

Even productions continue teaching us about the work.

But before I would want to put a piece into an industry-facing showcase, I would want to see several things happening.

The dramatic engine of the piece should be clear.

The audience should understand whose story they are following, what that person wants, and what stands in the way.

The structure should basically hold.

There may still be cuts, rewrites, new songs, scene changes, and discoveries ahead. But the piece should no longer be searching for its fundamental architecture.

The major emotional turns should land.

The writer should have already heard the work aloud—preferably more than once—and made discoveries from actors and audiences.

And perhaps most importantly:

We should know why we are doing the showcase.

“Because I want industry people to see it” is not quite enough.

  • Which industry people?
  • And what do you want them to do next?
  • Are you looking for a producing partner?
  • A regional theater?
  • A commercial producer?
  • A director?
  • A developmental residency?
  • Investors?
  • An artistic home?

The clearer the next objective is, the more useful the showcase becomes.

 

Sometimes the Best Next Step Is More Development

This is the part writers sometimes find frustrating.

They have worked hard. They are eager to move forward.

And then the producer says:

I think we need another reading.

Or another rewrite.

Or a workshop.

That can feel like standing still – and possibly make you angry.

But development is not standing still when it is answering a specific question.

A table reading might reveal whether the storytelling is clear.

A music rehearsal might expose a structural problem in a musical.

A staged workshop can tell us whether transitions, pacing, physical storytelling, and theatrical moments are functioning.

Each form of development gives us different information.

The goal is not to accumulate development credits.

The goal is to solve the problems that stand between the work and its next opportunity.

 

This Is How I’m Thinking About CreateTheater’s 2027 Showcases

We are beginning to look toward CreateTheater’s 2027 Showcase productions (as well as our 2027 New Works Reading Festival).

But regarding the showcases, my question is not simply:

Which writers deserve an opportunity?

There are many writers I believe in.

My question is:

Which projects are ready for this particular opportunity?

Those are not the same thing.

One project may be ready for a showcase.

Another may need six more months of focused development.

Another may need a table reading before anyone makes that decision.

Another may actually be ready to move beyond a showcase toward production conversations.

That is the kind of pipeline that CreateTheater has built.

Not a conveyor belt where every project automatically advances to the same next step.

A developmental process in which the opportunity matches the readiness of the work.

Because the goal is not simply to present a script.

The goal is to help that script move forward.

 

The Better Question

So if you are developing a new play or musical, I would encourage you to replace:

“How do I get a showcase?”

with:

“What does my work need next?”

Sometimes the answer will be a showcase.

Sometimes it will be another reading.

Sometimes it will be a workshop.

Sometimes it will be a serious rewrite.

None of those answers mean you are behind.

They mean you are developing the work strategically.

And when the right opportunity finally arrives, you want the piece to be ready to take advantage of it.

Because in new work development, the opportunity must match the readiness of the work.

(NOTE: Image is from the first day of rehearsal for the next musical LITTLE THINGS by David H. Smith at the Philadelphia Theater Company.)


Want to follow how CreateTheater develops new plays and musicals toward readings, workshops, showcases, and production? Join the CreateTheater newsletter and come inside the development room.

Come join us at the Philadelphia Theater Company for LITTLE THINGS on August 29th at 3pm

When Development Becomes Production

When Development Becomes Production

The Pipeline in Motion

I’m writing this from Philadelphia, where I’ll be in rehearsal for a few days with LITTLE THINGS at the Philadelphia Theatre Company.

And looking at the week ahead, I realized that this may be one of the clearest examples I’ve had of what I mean when I talk about a development pipeline.

Because this week, CreateTheater has work happening at nearly every point along it.

On Monday night, we’ll hold another Monday Night Developmental Reading—this time Act One of a new musical by ETC member Jarlath Jacobs, currently living in Italy. The working title is JACQUES & JILL, a reworking of her musical FIRE ISLAND, which had a showcase production at Theatre Row as part of the CreateTheater New Works Festival in 2022.

That project has already been produced once.

And now it is back in development.

Because development is not a straight line, and production is not always the end of the process.

 

Production Is Not the End of Development

There is a tendency to imagine a theater project moving along a neat, linear path:

Write the show → develop the show → produce the show → done.

But that is almost never how new theater actually works.

A reading reveals one thing.
A workshop reveals another.
A showcase reveals something else entirely.

Sometimes a production tells a writer that the piece is finished.

Sometimes it tells them exactly where the next version needs to begin.

That is what development is for.

Our Monday Night Developmental Readings have been running all summer, and we are now booked every Monday through December with readings of new plays and musicals. Some are early drafts. Others have already had significant development or production experience.

The point isn’t that every reading immediately leads to a production.

The point is that the work keeps moving.

 

Tuesday: Back in the Development Room

On Tuesday, after a day in rehearsal in Philadelphia, I’ll run two ETC writing groups which meet over Zoom to continue developing new plays and musicals.

This is quieter work.

There are no costumes. No lighting cues. No ticket buyers.

It can be easy to look at this stage and think that the “real” theater hasn’t begun yet.

But this is where much of the real theater work gets done.

Characters are clarified. Structures are challenged. Songs are moved. Scenes disappear. Endings change. Writers hear pages aloud and discover that something they thought was perfectly clear on the page isn’t clear at all when actors speak it.

Those decisions may eventually determine whether a producer can see a viable production in the work.

Which brings us to Wednesday.

 

Wednesday: Development Becomes Production

On Wednesday, we will officially announce THE BLUE VIOLINIST OVER WEST END AVENUE Off-Broadway.

Tickets will go on sale.

Previews begin October 27.

That is the moment outsiders can see.

The announcement.
The theater.
The dates.
The tickets.

It looks like production has begun.

But from where I’m sitting, production began a year earlier.

It began in the conversations with playwright Debbie Goodstein about what the play wanted to become.

It continued through readings, rewrites, artistic conversations, assembling a producing team, hiring (and firing) collaborators and making the hundreds of decisions required before anyone ever walks into a rehearsal room.

And, importantly, the development still isn’t over.

On Thursday afternoon, Debbie, director Jonathon Silverstein, and I will spend several hours together hearing the newest draft of the play—just the three of us. On Zoom, because it’s summer and we’re not all in Manhattan.

No audience.

No presentation.

No attempt to make it look finished. But the work continues.

We are still listening.

Still asking questions.

Still making sure the script we take into rehearsal at the end off September is the strongest version of the play we know how to make right now.

That is what I think writers sometimes misunderstand about the moment when development turns into production:

You don’t stop developing because you have a production.

The questions simply change.

 

The Questions Change

During early development, we might ask:

Is the story clear?
What does this character want?
Is this scene earning its place?
Where does Act One actually end?

Once production approaches, those questions begin intersecting with others:

How will this world physically exist onstage?
What kind of actor does this role require?
What does the audience need to understand visually?
What can we afford?
What must we protect artistically?
What has to be decided now?

By Friday, we’ll be in another production meeting for The Blue Violinist, approving final designs for the set, lights and costumes. We’re hoping to have casting complete by the beginning of the following week.

Those are unmistakably production decisions.

Yet they are still serving exactly the same thing we were serving in the development room: the story.

And Meanwhile, More Work Is Moving Forward

Thursday evening, we’ll shift gears again and continue to plan the three CreateTheater Showcases we’re producing in 2027.

Friday evening, we’ll turn toward the November New Works Cabaret Festival.

And here in Philadelphia, LITTLE THINGS is entering a different stage of the same journey.

The show has already gone through development with CreateTheater, including a cabaret presentation last year. Now the writers have the opportunity to put more of it on its feet and discover what happens when actors, staging, choreography, music and an audience become part of the equation.

That workshop will give us information we could never find sitting around a table.

And whatever we learn will feed the next stage.

 

So When Does Development Become Production?

I’m not sure there is one clean line.

I think there is a period when the center of gravity shifts.

At first, the primary question is:

What is this show?

Eventually, the question becomes:

How are we going to make this show happen?

And somewhere in between, the producer begins committing resources, collaborators, space, money, time and reputation to the answer.

That is when development starts becoming production.

But development itself never completely disappears.

At least, I don’t think it should.

A healthy new-work pipeline isn’t a conveyor belt that moves a script from one box to the next.

It is a continuing artistic process in which each new stage gives us more information.

Reading → workshop → showcase → production → perhaps development again.

The goal is not simply to “get the show produced.”

The goal is to make the strongest show we can—and to understand what the work needs next.

Looking at the week ahead—readings, writing groups, rehearsal, an Off-Broadway announcement, a script session, design approvals, showcase planning and a cabaret festival—it feels less like a collection of separate activities and more like one continuous act of making new theater.

And that is exactly what I had always hoped CreateTheater would be.

A place where new work keeps moving toward the stage.

Come join us at the Philadelphia Theater Company for LITTLE THINGS on August 29th at 3pm

Why Developmental Theater Companies Matter More Than Ever

Why Developmental Theater Companies Matter More Than Ever

Theater is hard right now.

Have you noticed?

It is hard to get produced.
It is hard to get attention.
It is hard to build an audience.
It is hard to raise money.
It is hard to know which opportunity is actually worth your time and which one is just another application fee, another deadline, another “we loved your work but…” email.

And if you are writing a new play or musical, it can feel like you are carrying the whole thing alone.

The script.
The rewrites.
The submissions.
The readings.
The networking.
The hope.
The disappointment.
The question underneath all of it:

How does this piece actually move forward?

That question is exactly why developmental theater companies matter.

And honestly?

They matter now more than ever.

 

New Work Needs Infrastructure

A play or musical does not move from the writer’s desk to the professional stage by magic.

(I know we love theatrical magic. I believe in it. I have spent my life chasing it.)

But behind that magic is structure.

There is development.
There is dramaturgy.
There is producing strategy.
There is audience response.
There is rewriting.
There is positioning.
There is the hard, sometimes unglamorous work of asking:

  • What is this piece?
  • Who is it for?
  • Why does it matter now?
  • What kind of production is it asking for?
  • What still needs to be solved before anyone can responsibly produce it?

That is not busywork.

That is the work.

And it is the work that too many writers are being asked to figure out by themselves.

A developmental theater company exists to create infrastructure around new work before it is ready for full production. It gives the artist a room, a process, collaborators, professional perspective, and a pathway forward.

Because here’s the truth:

Development is not a luxury. Development is what makes production possible.

 

 

New Plays and Musicals Should Not Be Judged Too Early

One of the biggest problems in theater right now is that new work is often expected to behave like a finished product before it has had the chance to become one.

A script gets one reading.

Maybe two.

A few people give notes.

Then suddenly the writer feels pressured to submit it everywhere, pitch it to producers, send it to theaters, raise money, or mount a production before the piece has actually been tested.

That is dangerous.

Not because the writer lacks talent. (Usually, talent is not the problem.)

The problem is that the work has not yet had the developmental support it needs to become theatrically viable – or theatrically exciting.

There is a fragile space between the first strong draft and the production-ready script.

That space matters.

It is where the writer discovers what the story is really about.
It is where the structure either holds or reveals its cracks.
It is where characters deepen.
It is where songs earn their place – or are replaced (or changed).
It is where the audience teaches you what the script is actually doing in the room.
It is where a producer can begin to see the path toward a reading, workshop, showcase, or production.

Developmental theater companies protect that space.

They do not rush past it.

They do not pretend it does not exist.

They honor it.

Because when new work is judged too early, we lose stories that might have become extraordinary with the right support.

 

 

Theater Makes Us More Human

I teach college students at Baruch, and one of the things I notice again and again is how accustomed they are to consuming stories on screens.

Film.
Television.
YouTube.
TikTok.
Streaming platforms.
Short clips.
Fast edits.
Endless content.

That is the storytelling world they live in.

So when they come into a theater and experience a live performance — sometimes for the first time in a serious way — they experience storytelling in a different way.

They are watching actual human beings breathe in the same room.

They are sitting with strangers.

They cannot pause it.
They cannot scroll past it.
They cannot double-speed it.
They cannot look away without feeling the weight of their own attention.

And it excites them.

Live theater asks something different of us.

It asks us to be present.

And new work asks something even more urgent. It says:

  • This story is being made now.
  • This conversation belongs to this moment.
  • This room matters.
  • These people matter.
  • This audience matters.

In a digital culture, live theater reminds us that human presence still matters.

And – I deeply believe that seeing theater makes people more human.

Not softer. Not nicer. Not magically transformed by curtain call.

But more aware.

More empathetic.

More awake to the lives of others.

And right now, we need that.

 

We Need New Stories That Reflect the World We Are Living

Theater has always held a mirror up to society.

But that mirror has to be current.

It has to reflect the people in the room, the questions we are asking now, the communities we live in, the anxieties we are carrying, the joy we are trying to protect, and the human contradictions we are all trying to survive.

That is why new work matters.

And yes, regional theaters are doing important work telling stories rooted in their own communities. They should. That local connection is essential.

But Off-Broadway has historically been one of the great launching platforms for new American theater. It remains a place where new work can gather attention, collaborators, credibility, and momentum before moving into regional productions, commercial opportunities, or other future lives.

New York does not need to be the only place where new work is validated.

But it is still one of the most powerful places where new work can be developed, tested, seen, and taken seriously.

That is part of why CreateTheater exists.

We are here to help new plays and musicals become ready for the rooms they are trying to enter.

Not theoretically ready.

Actually ready.

 

 

Writers Should Not Have to Develop Theatrical Work Alone

Let me be very clear about something.

Writing a play or musical is not the same as writing a novel.

A script is not a literary artifact meant to sit beautifully on a page.

It is a blueprint for a live event.

That means at some point, the work has to be tested in the bodies, voices, timing, energy, and presence of actual performers in front of actual people.

A writer can only do so much alone.

At some point, the script needs a room.

It needs ears.
It needs bodies.
It needs pressure.
It needs questions.
It needs an audience.
It needs someone who understands not only story, but production.

That is the difference between writing endlessly and developing intentionally.

A developmental theater company gives writers a place to stop guessing.

Not because anyone can guarantee production.

But because the process can become clearer, smarter, and more strategic.

At CreateTheater, we are not interested in development for the sake of development.

We are interested in development that leads somewhere – that leads to seeing the work on stage, where it belongs.

That is why I use the “Develop-to-Produce” method in my Production-Ready Writers™ writing groups.

Because the goal is not to endlessly workshop your play or musical until everyone is exhausted.

The goal is to understand what the work needs next — and then to prepare it for that next step with intention.

 

 

Development Also Builds Audiences

Development is not only for writers.

It is also for audiences.

A developmental theater company can invite people into the process of discovering new work. It can help audiences understand that a reading, workshop, or showcase is not a lesser version of theater.

It is a front-row seat to the birth of something.

That is exciting.

It is especially important for students and emerging theatergoers, who may not be able to afford expensive tickets but can still experience the energy of new work in development.

A developmental showcase can become an entry point.

A reading can become a first encounter.

A new play can become the moment someone realizes theater is not dead, dusty, or irrelevant.

It is alive.

It is happening now.

It is speaking to them.

That is part of the cultural value of a company like CreateTheater.

We are not just developing scripts.

We are developing artists, audiences, and future possibilities for the work.

 

CreateTheater Is Moving Toward Nonprofit Status

This is also why I am working on turning CreateTheater into a nonprofit.

Because if we believe new work matters, then we have to build structures that support it.

Grants and donors can help make space for new plays and musicals that are not yet commercially obvious, but are artistically and culturally necessary.

They can help us provide developmental opportunities, readings, showcases, student access, artist support, and public programming.

They can help us put quality new work in front of audiences in New York and help regional productions happen.

They can help us create a stronger bridge between the writer’s desk and a story being told onstage.

That bridge is desperately needed.

Because if fewer institutions support new stories, we all lose.

Writers lose.
Audiences lose.
Students lose.
Producers lose.
Theater loses.
The culture loses.

A healthy theater ecosystem needs more than finished productions.

It needs places where new work can grow.

 

 

So Where Does Your Work Fit Into This?

If you are a playwright or musical theater writer, this is the question I want you to sit with:

  • Are you still writing in isolation?
  • Are you still submitting the same draft everywhere and hoping someone else will see something special in it?
  • Are you still wondering whether your script is actually ready for a reading, workshop, showcase, or production?
  • Are you still getting feedback but not a real path forward?

Then you may not need another random note session.

You may need a developmental process.

I created the Production-Ready Writers™ 6-Month Writing Groups to help develop plays to get onstage.

This 6-month session is for playwrights who are ready to look at their plays not just as scripts, but as future productions.

We will work on the craft, yes.

But we will also look at the bigger questions:

  • What is the piece becoming?
  • Where does it belong?
  • What kind of audience is it trying to reach?
  • What still needs to be developed before it can move forward?
  • What would make this script more producible?
  • What is the next realistic step?
  • How can I help it get there?

Because the goal is not just to write (and rewrite) pages.

The goal is to build a piece that can live.

Onstage.

In front of people.

With impact.

 

Why This Matters Now

Theater is tough right now.

No argument.

But that is not a reason to stop making it.

We must get more intentional.

We must build better pathways.

We need to support new work before it disappears in the gap between an artist’s idea and a culture’s next important story.

That is what developmental theater companies do.

That is what CreateTheater is here to do – to help new plays and musicals move from idea to structure, from draft to room, from private hope to public possibility.

Because theater still matters.

Live storytelling still matters.

New work still matters.

If your play or musical has something urgent to say, then it deserves more than wishful thinking.

It deserves development with direction.

The Production-Ready Writers™ 6-Month Play Writing Groups begin in July. (Musical Writing Groups will begin in January.)

If you are ready to stop guessing and start building your work toward its next real step, join us.

Your story deserves a room. It deserves support.

And maybe, just maybe, the culture needs the story only you can tell.

What Producers Actually Look For in New Work

What Producers Actually Look For in New Work

One of the biggest mistakes I see many playwrights and musical theatre writers make is believing producers are looking for “good writing.”

Of course they are.

But, after years of producing, directing, dramaturging, and sitting through countless readings, festivals, workshops, and development processes, I can tell you that “good writing” is not the whole conversation.

I’ve seen beautifully written plays stall for years.

I’ve also seen less-than-perfect scripts move forward really quickly (to my surprise).

Why?

Because producers never evaluate scripts in isolation.

Instead, they evaluate projects – and how current audiences would receive them.

That’s a very different thing.

When writers send out a script, they want to know:

“Is this good? What do you think?”

But producers are asking themselves a whole different set of questions.

  • Can I build a team around this?
  • Does it have an audience?
  • Would a regional theatre want it?
  • Can I see a path from where it is now to a complete production?

The longer I work in theatre, the more I realize that many writers have simply never been taught how the industry evaluates new work.

So – let’s pull back the curtain a little.

Below are some of the things I know many producers pay attention to.

Producers Look for Projects They Can Get Behind

That may sound obvious, but hear me out.

Producers don’t wake up in the morning wondering how many scripts they’re going to reject that day.

They look for projects they can say yes to. Something they can get excited about.

It’s true – everyone’s looking for the next Hamilton.

We dream of finding a script we can spend the next several years of their life fighting for.

The question isn’t just:

“Is this script good?”

It’s:

“Am I passionate about this project? Do I love it?”

Because producing is a lot of fighting.

  • Fighting for funding.
  • Fighting for attention.
  • Fighting for audiences.
  • Fighting for opportunities.

The projects that actually move forward are often the ones that inspire people to advocate for them, for the long term.

 

We Look for an Audience

This is the place where many writers get uncomfortable.

The moment someone mentions “audience,” some artists hear the word “commercial.”

That’s not what I’m talking about.

Every successful production has an audience.

Even the most experimental play downtown has an audience.

The question is whether anyone knows who that audience is.

Some writers spend years refining a script without ever thinking about who would actually buy a ticket.

Eventually somebody has to ask that question.

Usually it’s the producer.

Submit your script accordingly.

 

Producers Look for a Story That Generates Momentum

A lot of scripts have interesting ideas, and compelling themes.

A lot of librettos have beautiful, well-produced demos.

What they don’t always have is momentum.

What keeps the audience leaning forward?

What creates anticipation?

What makes us eager to know what happens next? Or care?

I’ve sat through readings where everyone thought a script had good things going on, but nobody could figure out where the action was actually going. Or maybe scenes were overwritten, or there was too much “dead space” where the audience disconnected.

That’s a development issue.

And that’s also a reason projects stall.

 

We Look for Characters We Want to Spend Time With

I don’t necessarily mean likable characters.

I mean compelling characters.

When actors get excited about a project, it’s usually because they see a role they can’t wait to play.

When directors get excited, it’s often because they see relationships they want to explore.

When audiences connect, it’s because they recognize something human.

Strong characters create advocates.

Advocates create momentum.

Momentum creates opportunities.

 

We Look for Writers Who Can Develop Work

This is a big one.

Sometimes the question isn’t whether the script is ready.

It’s whether the writer is ready.

You see, theatre is the most collaborative art.

Development is collaborative.

Productions are collaborative.

The writers who move forward are not necessarily the writers who get every note right.

They’re the writers who know how to engage in the process.

They listen.

They evaluate.

They experiment.

They revise.

They don’t necessarily take every note, but they keep an open mind and are willing to try things.

They understand that a reading isn’t the finish line.

It’s information.

The script is no longer just their baby – it’s the team’s.

 

Producers Look for a Path Forward

More than anything else, what I’ve learned from years of working in New York is that projects rarely move forward because someone suddenly “discovers” them.

Most projects move forward because someone can see the next step. And the next one after that.

  • Maybe it’s a reading.
  • Maybe it’s a workshop.
  • Maybe it’s a development lab.
  • Maybe it’s a festival.
  • Maybe it’s a producing partner.

The question isn’t always:

“Can this be produced tomorrow?”

The question is:

“Can I see what the next step is?”

The projects that generate momentum usually have a visible path forward.

 

The Real Question

When writers ask me what producers are looking for, I think they’re often just asking the wrong question.

A better question is:

“What makes someone want to champion my work?”

Because that’s what ultimately moves projects forward.

Not perfection.

Not credentials.

Not winning lots of awards.

Not doing another reading.

Advocates.

People who believe in your project enough to invest their time, energy, relationships, and resources into helping it grow.

That’s why development matters.

The goal isn’t simply to write a good play or musical.

The goal is to develop a project that artists, audiences, and industry professionals can believe in.

That’s when things start moving.

And that’s when the real work begins.

 

Most playwrights and musical theatre writers have spent years learning how to write.

Few have been taught how the industry actually evaluates new work.

 

If you’re serious about getting your work onstage, explore our programs.

Readings Aren’t the Goal. Development is.

Readings Aren’t the Goal. Development is.

Readings Aren’t the Goal. Production Is.

Why so many playwrights get stuck in the development loop—and how to avoid it.

By Cate Cammarata

If you’re writing a new play or musical, at some point you’re going to need to put it in front of an audience.

There is simply no substitute for hearing actors speak your words out loud, seeing where an audience leans in, where they laugh, where they become restless, and where they become emotionally invested.

We need to bring an audience in to learn how the work is landing. That’s why we do readings.

Theaters and producers also need to hear information a script before they invest all the time, money, and resources required to move the script to a full production.

Readings are one of the most useful, economical and practical tools we have in the development process.

I am very much for readings.

But I think our industry has developed a problem.

Too many writers have grown to believe that development itself is the destination.

But it’s not.

Too many projects spend years moving from reading to reading, workshop to workshop, feedback session to feedback session—without ever reaching a production.

And that was never the purpose.

 

A Reading Is a Diagnostic Tool

Think of a reading the way a doctor thinks about an X-ray.

The X-ray isn’t the treatment.

It’s information.

The reading is not the final product.

It’s a way to discover:

  • What is working

  • What is confusing

  • What is emotionally landing

  • Where the pace drags.

  • What questions the audience is left asking it’s done.

The goal is not to accumulate readings.

The goal is to gather information on what should be addressed and revised in order to move the piece forward.

But if a project has had five readings and nothing significant is being changed – the work needs to find a way to a full production.

So then, is the work ready? It depends. What does the feedback actually say?

 

Not All Feedback Is Equal

One of the most important lessons I teach playwrights and musical theatre writers is this:

Always pay attention to who is giving the feedback.

Many writers collect comments from everyone in the room and treat every opinion as equally valuable.

Watch out; that could be dangerous.

Consider:

  • Is the feedback coming from a producer?

  • A literary manager?

  • A dramaturg?

  • A director?

  • An actor?

  • A regular audience member?

Each person is experiencing the work through a different lens:

  • A literary manager may identify issues that affect programming decisions.

  • A ldirector may focus on theatrical execution.

  • An actor may notice problems with character motivation.

An audience member may only know that something “felt off.”

All of those perspectives have value.

But they do not necessarily carry equal weight depending on your goals.

The key is to understand the source before deciding what to do with the information.

 

Listen for Patterns

One isolated comment is just one person’s opinion.

Ten versions of the same comment are data.

One person might say:

“Act Two felt slow.”

Another would admit:

“I lost focus after intermission.”

Someone trying to be helpful would share:

“I wasn’t sure what the protagonist wanted anymore.”

Or add:

“The ending felt farther away than I expected.”

Different words – but the same underlying issue.

When multiple people are pointing toward the same problem—even if they’re describing it differently—the audience is intuiting something important.

That doesn’t automatically mean they know how to fix it (although they may try to rewrite your play on the spot to “help”).

But it usually means they’re correctly identifying a symptom.

Your job is to investigate the cause.

 

The Audience Is Usually Right About Problems

And usually wrong about solutions.

Remember that.

An audience member may accurately identify confusion around a character’s motivation – and then they may propose a scene, a speech, or an entirely new subplot to fix it.

Now, the confusion is valuable information.

Their proposed solution? Not so much.

As the writer, your responsibility is to diagnose the underlying issue and solve it in a way that serves the piece.

 

Trust Your Instincts

No matter how experienced the person giving notes may be, never make a change simply because someone told you to. No matter how famous.

Every revision should pass through your own artistic judgment.

Ask yourself:

  • Does this note resonate to me?

  • Does it reveal a real problem?

  • Does it align with my vision for the piece?

  • Will it make the play stronger?

If the answer is no, don’t make the change.

The work belongs to you. The final decisions belong to you.

A professional writer learns how to listen productively without becoming obsessed by other people’s opinions.

Process every comment through your own filter: your own gut reaction to it.

 

Remember: It’s Your Intellectual Property

This is especially important when production opportunities enter the picture.

Sometimes a theatre, director, producer, or literary manager may request changes before agreeing to produce a script.

Those requests may be reasonable.

They may even lead to improvements.

Or – they may not.

Writers often feel trapped in these situations because production opportunities can be difficult to secure.

Unfortunatlely, I’ve seen it happen too many times.

Here’s what I remind my clients:

The work is your intellectual property.

If you choose to make adjustments to facilitate a production, that is your decision.

But the script remains yours.

You are not permanently surrendering authorship.

After the production ends, you are free to decide which – if any – of those changes belong in future drafts.

The work is yours..

The key is making intentional choices for now instead of feeling pressured into introducing permanent changes into your script. 

 

We Need Better Development Models

The larger issue is that our field often relies too heavily on readings as the primary development mechanism.

Readings are valuable.

They’re essential.

But they’re not enough.

Theatre is a production-based art form.

Certain discoveries only emerge when a piece is staged, designed, rehearsed, and performed in front of a paying audience over time.

The challenge, of course, is cost.

Productions require resources.

Readings are comparatively inexpensive, which is why many promising projects remain trapped in “developmental hell.”

As an industry, we need more innovative, practical, and sustainable ways to move readings into productions.

We need models that allow artists to test work in front of audiences in spaces that don’t require enormous budgets.

We need pathways that help writers move beyond endless feedback cycles and toward actual production experiences.

Those questions—and the future of developing theatre—are topics I explore regularly in my Creative Producer emails each Friday.

Because the goal isn’t another reading.

The goal is helping great plays and musicals find their way to the stage.


About CreateTheater

At CreateTheater, we help playwrights and musical theatre writers develop producible work—not just polished scripts. Through dramaturgy, development labs, strategic feedback, and production-focused guidance, we help writers move from draft to audience to production with intention.

Development is a step. Production is the destination.

Want more practical strategies for moving plays and musicals from development to production?

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